CLANAE 17.01—Manufacturing of wood pulp, paper and cardboard

Where 17.01 sits

1. C Manufacturing industry
2. 17 Paper and paper product manufacturing
3. 17.0 Paper and paper product manufacturing
4. 17.01 Manufacturing of wood pulp, paper and cardboard

Contains 1 narrower code

• 17.010 Manufacturing of wood pulp, paper and cardboard

What 17.01 includes

• The pulps included in this class are made from fibrous cellulosic materials obtained from various plant products rich in cellulose or from certain textile wastes of plant origin. The most commonly used woods are pine, fir, spruce, and poplar, but hardwoods such as beech, chestnut, eucalyptus, and some tropical woods are also used. Non-wood materials used for pulp manufacture include: •cotton linters, rags—mainly cotton, linen, or hemp—and other textile waste such as old rope, •straw, esparto grass, flax, ramie, jute, hemp, sisal, sugarcane bagasse, bamboo, reeds, and other various woody or herbaceous materials, and •waste and scraps of paper or cardboard.
• Mechanical wood pulp is obtained solely through a mechanical process: by grinding or scraping (defibrating) with a millstone in running water, using logs or quarters of wood that have been previously debarked and sometimes with knots removed. If obtained cold, the pulp is called white mechanical pulp, and it has a fairly light color, but low toughness because the fibers are broken. The same process, when carried out with logs previously steam-cooked from a darker pulp, results in brown mechanical pulp, and its fibers are stronger.
• A more refined process, which departs from traditional defibration, produces refiner mechanical pulp. This is obtained by grinding small pieces of wood in a disc refiner, passing them between two closely spaced discs with rough surfaces: one or both of these discs are rotating. The resulting product has a higher quality than traditional mechanical pulp.
• Generally, mechanical pulp is not used alone, as the fibers are relatively short, resulting in products with low strength. A mixture of chemical pulps is frequently used in papermaking, as is the case with newsprint.
• Dissolving chemical wood pulp is specially refined or purified depending on its intended use. It is used to manufacture regenerated cellulose, cellulose ethers and esters, as well as products such as boards, sheets, films, sheets and webs, textile fibers, and certain types of paper (such as paper used as a substrate for photosensitive paper, filter paper and parchment paperboard, vegetable parchment, etc.). It is also called viscose pulp, acetate pulp, etc., depending on its intended use or the final product obtained. Chemical wood pulp is obtained by reducing wood to chips, particles, pellets, etc., and then treating it with chemicals. This treatment removes most of the lignin and other non-cellulosic substances. The chemicals commonly used in this process are caustic soda, a mixture of caustic soda and sodium sulfate, and calcium or magnesium bisulfite.

17.01 in other systems