NAF 18—Printing and reproduction of recorded

Where 18 sits

1. C Manufacturing industry
2. 18 Printing and reproduction of recorded

Contains 2 narrower codes

• 18.1 Printing and related services
• 18.2 Reproduction of recorded

What 18 includes

• This division includes printing of products, such as books, newspapers, periodicals, business forms, greeting cards), printing on T-shirts, and other types of materials, as well as support activities associated with it (for example, the binding, the photogravure process, the typesetting). The support activities included here are an integral part of the industry the printing press, and a product (a printing plate, a bound book, a disk, or a computer file) from the printing industry is almost always obtained from these operations.
• The property of the input hardware is not a relevant criterion for the classification of activities copying and printing of records. The division 18 covers explicitly activities transformation.
• Processes used in printing include a variety of methods used to transfer an image from a plate, screen, or a computer file on a support (for example, the paper, plastic, metal, textile articles, or wood). The most common method is to transfer the image from a plate or screen to the medium through lithographic, gravure, screen printing, or flexographic printing. Often a computer file is used to directly drive the printing mechanism to create the image or electrostatic equipment, or other types equipment (digital printing or no impact).
• Though printing and publishing can be carried out by the same unit (e.g. a newspaper), it is less frequent that these distinct activities are carried on in the same place physical.
• This division also includes : The reproduction of recorded media (e.g., compact discs, video recordings, software on discs or tapes)

What 18 excludes

• Publishing activities, see section J
• The manufacture of products using a 3D printer, which are classified according to the product and the material used publishing activities, see section J

18 in other systems